Prolapse: Urology
Surgical management of anterior vaginal wall prolapse: an evidencebased literature review.
Maher C, Baessler K
Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct. 2006 Feb;17(2):195-201. Epub 2005 May 25.
The aim of this review is to summarize the available literature on surgical management of anterior vaginal wall prolapse. A Medline search from 1966 to 2004 and a hand-search of conference proceedings of the International Continence Society and International Urogynecological Association from 2001 to 2004 were performed. The success rates for the anterior colporrhaphy vary widely between 37 and 100%. Augmentation with absorbable mesh (polyglactin) significantly increases the success rate for anterior vaginal wall prolapse. Abdominal sacrocolpopexy combined with paravaginal repair significantly reduced the risk for further cystocele surgery compared to anterior colporrhaphy and sacrospinous colpopexy. The abdominal and vaginal paravaginal repair have success rates between 76 and 100%, however, no randomized trials have been performed. There is currently no evidence to recommend the routine use of any graft in primary repairs, and possible improved anatomical out-comes have to be tempered against complications including mesh erosions, infections and dyspareunia.
April
Outcomes with porcine graft placement in the anterior vaginal compartment in patients who undergo high vaginal uterosacral suspension and cystocele repair.
Wheeler TL 2nd, Richter HE, Duke AG, Burgio KL, Redden DT, Varner RE
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2006 May;194(5):1486-91.
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to prospectively assess the cases of patients who had undergone a high uterosacral suspension and anterior repair with anterior compartment placement of porcine dermis graft. STUDY DESIGN: Thirty-six patients who underwent transvaginal high uterosacral suspension and cystocele repair with graft augmentation from June 2001 to July 2004 were identified from the University of Alabama at Birmingham Genitourinary Disorders database. Analysis included the pre- and postoperative Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification examinations and incontinence impact questionnaire-7/urogenital distress inventory-6. RESULTS: Mean Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification Ba improved from +3.3 +/- 2.2 cm to -0.6 +/- 1.7 cm (P < .01). Postoperative Ba was prolapse stage II or greater in 50% of subjects. Mean incontinence impact questionnaire-7 scores improved from 36.2 +/- 31.9 to 15.6 +/- 26.2 (P < .01), as did mean urogenital distress inventory-6 scores from 58.2 +/- 26.8 to 23.8 +/- 22.6 (P < .01). CONCLUSION: Significant improvements in Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification measures, urinary symptoms, and the impact of incontinence were seen after the operation. However, a significant proportion of patients had Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification stage II prolapse or greater, which made it unclear whether graft use confers a significant advantage.
February
[Transvaginal treatment of anterior vaginal prolapse with collagen implant transobturator fixation]
Miaadi N, Ferhi K, Descargue G, Grise P
Prog Urol. 2005 Dec;15(6):1110-3.
INTRODUCTION: Prolapse is a common disease with a multifactorial aetiology that may be either isolated or associated with other pelviperineal defects. Surgical reconstruction of the infravesical anterior segment by isolated colpomyorraphy of prolapse is often disappointing with a recurrence rate of 40% according to the literature. Several procedures, consisting of strengthening of the anterior vaginal wall have been proposed. The use of prosthetic material has revolutionized the treatment of cystocele with a reduction of the recurrence rate but at the price of a poorly defined morbidity. Few published studies have assessed the use of xenogeneic tissue in the treatment of anterior vaginal prolapse. The objective of this study was to demonstrate the feasibility, morbidity and short-term results of the use of Pelvicol reticulated collagen mesh in the treatment of cystoceles. OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the feasibility and short-term results of the transvaginal treatment of cystoceles using collagen implant transobturator (TO) fixation. Many new prosthesis-based techniques are designed to decrease recurrences after repair without prosthesis, but they are often non-standardized, with inadequate evaluation and insufficient follow-up. In contrast with synthetic material, few published studies have investigated the use of xenogeneic tissue. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twenty-eight patients with a mean age of 70.6 years (range: 53-84) with grade 2 and 3 cystocele and a history of transvaginal prolapse repair in 7 cases, were operated by 2 operators according to an identical technique: the bladder was dissected via a transvaginal approach and a 4 x 7 cm porcine dermis collagen prosthesis was then placed underneath the bladder and fixed, at its anterolateral angles via a TO approach to the midline suburethral part by a resorbable suture. Vaginal hysterectomy was associated in 11 cases. RESULTS: The mean specific prosthesis insertion time was 25 minutes. No intraoperative complication and no serious bleeding were reported. The mean hospital stay was 3.6 days (range: 2-9). The mean follow-up was 8 months (range: 6-16). One case of mesh expulsion was observed on D15, followed by complete healing without recurrence of the cystocele. One case of slight pain of the medial aspect of the thigh was observed with a favourable secondary outcome. The postoperative anatomical results showed complete repair of the prolapse at 1 month and on review. Two cases of de novo SUI were treated by transobturator suburethral tape with a good postoperative result. CONCLUSION: The technique is feasible, simple, safe and ensures very satisfactory short-term results. Follow-up of these patients will be continued.
Anterior vaginal wall prolapse: innovative surgical approaches.
Walters MD, Paraiso MF
Cleve Clin J Med. 2005 Dec;72 Suppl 4:S20-7.